Introduction
The electric power industry is crucial to the global economy, providing energy to industry, transport, agriculture, and households. Its history spans over a century, marked by continuous technological advancements, changes in energy sources, and the expansion of electricity distribution networks. The early 20th century saw large-scale adoption of electricity due to developments in power generation plants, transformers, and electrical networks. Initially, coal and hydropower were the main electricity sources. By midcentury, oil, gas, and nuclear energy had gained prominence. In recent decades, environmental concerns and global warming have shifted the focus towards renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and geothermal energy. This analysis examines the structure of primary energy consumption for electricity generation from 1972 to 2021, identifying trends and significant shifts in the industry.